1735 ISU-122 and 675 ISU-122S built – 1944-45, heavy SPG tank-hunter, based on the IS-1 chassis, equipped with the A19 gun. Frontline communities have higher exposures, are more sensitive, and are less able to adapt to climate change for a variety of reasons (Ch. SS Pzd “Totenkopf” also operated captured vehicles, usually reequipped with a MG 34 or MG 42 machine gun. University of Washington, Climate Impacts Group, Seattle, WA, various pp. Quesada, J., L. K. Hart, and P. Bourgois, 2011: Structural vulnerability and health: Latino migrant laborers in the United States. Wave and storm surge energy along the Pacific Northwest coast is expected to increase with climate change.131 Continuing efforts to build resilience within the health and transportation sectors in response to flooding hazards will likely help the county weather future storms.130, Heavy rainfall can lead to slope instabilities and landslides, which can close roadways and railways. Our children need to be able to feel what it is like to catch and eat salmon. Vose, R. S., D. R. Easterling, K. E. Kunkel, A. N. LeGrande, and M. F. Wehner, 2017: Temperature Changes in the United States. I’m a little confused between the IS-85 and IS-1 though. The Fuhrer was taken over by the so-called uber-tanks, large, over-engineered tanks which he thought could turn the tide of the battle, even facing overwhelming opposition. While most tank enthusiasts can differentiate between the ‘T-34/76’ and the ‘T-34-85’, identifying different factory production batches has proven more elusive. Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. Roser-Renouf, C., E. W. Maibach, and J. Li, 2016: Adapting to the changing climate: An assessment of local health department preparations for climate change-related health threats, 2008-2012. Throughout the 20th century, Colombia was Latin America's 4th and 3rd largest economy when measured by Real GDP at chained PPPs. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI), Asheville, NC. Degraded air quality also directly impacts human health and quality of life (see Key Message 4). Burakowski, E., and M. Magnusson, 2012: Climate impacts on the winter tourism economy in the United States. These communities generally prioritize basic needs, such as shelter, food, and transportation; frequently lack economic and political capital; and have fewer resources to prepare for and cope with climate disruptions. Not only could this complex (and others, like at Stalingrad) provide entire armored divisions in a month, but the Stavka soon restructured the number of types to be produced. 1932/34 high velocity gun. Latta, G., H. Temesgen, D. Adams, and T. Barrett, 2010: Analysis of potential impacts of climate change on forests of the United States Pacific Northwest. This assertion is untenable, as is shown by the loss ratio – and even before the increased production in Germany had been taken into account, because of the absence of the Allied bombing war. 1. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. Unknown T-70/T-70M The four valves per cylinder – two intake and two exhaust – were actuated by roller rocker arms which had built-in needle bearings that reduced the friction that occurred between the camshafts and the roller rocker arms. Protect Our Winters and REI Co-op, Boulder, CO, 69 pp. Research is absent on the effects of potential increases in supply volatility and the consequences for investment and ultimately on harvest and milling jobs. Master's Thesis, Environmental Studies The Evergreen State College, 119 pp. Saturday. Beard, J. E. Bell, D. Dodgen, R. J. Eisen, N. Fann, M. D. Hawkins, S. C. Herring, L. Jantarasami, D. M. Mills, S. Saha, M. C. Sarofim, J. Trtanj, and L. Ziska, 2016: Executive Summary. Excellent site. Doubleday, A. J., and R. R. Hopcroft, 2015: Interannual patterns during spring and late summer of larvaceans and pteropods in the coastal Gulf of Alaska, and their relationship to pink salmon survival. 17: Complex Systems, KM 3). Some of these health concerns are described in a recent project created by members of the Confederated Tribes of Warm Springs.192 Tracking climate stressors and training related to climate anxiety and post-disaster trauma is not widespread among the region’s health workforce.193, Existing environmental health risks are expected to be exacerbated by future climate conditions,187 yet over 95% of local health departments in Oregon reported having only partial-to-minimal ability to identify and address environmental health hazards.194. Healthcare and social systems will likely be further challenged with the increasing frequency of acute events, or when cascading events occur. List (surname) Organizations. 5219 built – 1939-1943, main frontline heavy Soviet tank. Mauger, G. S., J. H. Casola, H. A. Morgan, R. L. Strauch, B. Jones, B. Curry, T. M. Busch Isaksen, L. Whitely Binder, M. B. Krosby, and A. K. Snover, 2015: State of knowledge: Climate change in Puget Sound. Seattle, WA, 78 pp. 10: Ag & Rural; Ch. Constitutional Rights Foundation (CRF) is a non-profit, non-partisan, community-based organization. I maybe wrong but this list seems to be missing the Churchills supplied to the the USSR . Christ the King Sunday (Nov 21, 2021) 8-minutes homily in one page Introduction This Sunday, at the end of Church’s liturgical year, the readings describe the enthronement of the victorious Christ as King in Heaven in all His glory. Maben, S., 2015: “Ski areas move past poor season, cheer forecasts.”, Magee, M., 2017: “Domoic acid hurt jobs, along with clams.”. A model 1938 T-28B with the longer barreled gun, which had some, if limited, AP capabilities. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 10 Ag & Rural, KM 2).31 Planning studies for Northwest reservoirs suggest a significant increased need for reservoir storage to meet future summer irrigation demands under climate change scenarios.32,33 Irrigation demands among farmers in the Columbia River Basin are projected to increase 5% in response to climate change by the 2030s; however, actual water demands will vary depending on adaptive management decisions and crop requirements.34 For dryland wheat production, shifting planting dates and rising temperatures coupled with increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and associated increases in plant water use efficiency are projected to lead to improved wheat yields under both lower and higher scenarios (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5) through the end of the century.35,36. Permission of the copyright owner must be obtained Demographic shifts remain an important uncertainty when assessing future infrastructure impacts as well as the relative importance of certain types of infrastructure. Warms Springs, OR. Operational communication was performed using signal flags. Northern front, July 1941. United States Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC. October 12th: LSC Meeting @ 4:30 p.m. (Virtual and Auditorium) 13th: McDonald's Fundraiser 4:00-8:00 28th: PAC Meeting @ 10:00 a.m. 28th: Henry Fall Fest November 4th: Last Day of Quarter 1 The cultural practice of harvesting and consuming First Foods is integral to tribes and Indigenous health (Ch. Additional research would help to measure and evaluate how supporting frontline communities in the implementation of community-identified strategies might improve outcomes and increase not only climate resilience but also equity and economic vitality in the Northwest and across the country. 16: International, KM 4). Two of these squads formed a battalion. It was only entering service when Berlin fell. These projected changes affect the Northwest’s natural resource economy, cultural heritage, built infrastructure, recreation, and the health and welfare of Northwest residents. Never lose another Flash Card again! Office of Columbia River, 2016: 2016 Columbia River Basin Long-Term Water Supply and Demand Forecast. Jesdale, B. M., R. Morello-Frosch, and L. Cushing, 2013: The racial/ethnic distribution of heat risk–related land cover in relation to residential segregation. 3: Air quality impacts. Mote, P. W., S. Li, D. P. Lettenmaier, M. Xiao, and R. Engel, 2018: Dramatic declines in snowpack in the western US. To me they look almost identical in appearance and stats. The author not only pays attention to the technical side, but also examines organizational and doctrinal questions, as well as the role and place of the auxiliary armor, as it was seen by the Soviet pioneers of armored warfare Mikhail Tukhachevsky, Vladimir Triandafillov and Konstantin Kalinovsky. Libecap, G. D., 2011: Institutional path dependence in climate adaptation: Coman's “Some unsettled problems of irrigation.”. It was a painful conversion of the SU-122 howitzer self-propelled carriage and the first large-scale production tank destroyer in Russian service. Warner, M. D., C. F. Mass, and E. P. Salathé Jr., 2015: Changes in winter atmospheric rivers along the North American West Coast in CMIP5 climate models. Climate change is projected to continue to have adverse impacts on the regional environment (very likely), with implications for the values, identity, heritage, cultures, and quality of life of the region’s diverse population (high confidence). Italy ISU-122 of the People’s Liberation Army, on parade in Beijing, 1954. Both the natural resource commodity sector and the outdoor recreation industry are sensitive to short- and long-term climate variability. T-40 BM-8-24 Katyusha rocket launcher in 1942. The Soviets decided to experiment with cruiser tanks, as a part of the “deep battle” tank warfare theory. Australia It was retrofitted with the 1934 turret basket, rear ball mount and AA mount. Displacement and increased migration to the Northwest could place increasing pressures on housing markets, infrastructure, and health and social service systems.128 However, the role of climate as a driver for migration to the Northwest is speculative; current population forecasts do not yet account for climate factors.204. 15: Tribes, KM 1),124 fewer economic resources,209 other demographic factors,211,212 and gender.213 In addition, frontline communities frequently must overcome cumulative exposures125 and intergenerational and historical trauma.125,214 It is the interconnected nature of legacy exposure, enhanced exposure, higher sensitivity, and less capability to adapt that intensifies a community’s climate vulnerability.187,215,216 Climate change can affect the health, well-being, and livelihoods of these communities directly by increasing the risk of acute health impacts, such as physical injury during severe weather,189,209 and indirectly through chronic impacts, such as food insecurity or mental health conditions like PTSD (see Key Message 4) (see also Ch. In 2015, record winter warmth led to record-low snowpack in much of the Northwest’s mountains as winter precipitation fell as rain instead of snow,9 resulting in drought, water scarcity, and large wildfires that negatively affected farmers, hydropower, drinking water, salmon, and recreation. Abatzoglou, J. T., D. E. Rupp, and P. W. Mote, 2014: Seasonal climate variability and change in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Due to increased armor, these were given stamped road-wheels. American Psychological Association and ecoAmerica, Washington, D.C., 51 pp. FAI from the organic 7th Independent Motorized Brigade, 1939. However, the price was enormous, as about 44,000 T-34 tanks (or 82 per-cent of total production) was a total loss. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It suited the Soviet “deep battle” doctrine and around 6000 machines were produced. Idaho DEQ, 2013: Request for EPA concurrence as exceptional events for 2012 wildfire impacts on PM2.5 monitor values at Salmon and Pinehurst Idaho. These health data have the potential to be layered with climate and environmental data (such as temperature and air quality data), but such analysis has not been carried out on a broad scale. It has prewar unit markings denoting a tank from the 2nd company/1st battalion. Only two contenders were chosen, the T-34 and the KV-1. EPA, 2003: EPA Region 10 Guidance for Pacific Northwest State and Tribal Temperature Water Quality Standards. As the marine ecosystems respond to climate change, there will likely be consequences to existing place-based fisheries resources, as well as potential benefits and new resources. Amberson, S., K. Biedenweg, J. James, and P. Christie, 2016: “The heartbeat of our people”: Identifying and measuring how salmon influences Quinault tribal well-being. University of Washington Press, Seattle, WA,. Renamed Schützit by Dietrich Ludwig Gustav Karsten in 1800. 1150 built – 1943-44, medium SPG based on the T-34 chassis, with a 122 mm (4.8 in) howitzer. Permission of the copyright owner must be obtained. Log in for access to Gmail and Google Drive. Daly, E. A., and R. D. Brodeur, 2015: Warming ocean conditions relate to increased trophic requirements of threatened and endangered salmon. The T-27 was still, at least superficially, a faithful replica of the British model. Отечественные Бронированные Машины, Том 2 1941-1945. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. A. Tomasevic, 2015: Relative sensitivity to climate change of species in northwestern North America. Since the Third National Climate Assessment, there have been significant contributions within the literature in relation to climate impacts to Northwest communities, with specific focus on how values and activities, such as recreation, iconic wildlife, management, and tribal and Indigenous cultures, will likely be impacted. It is similar to those paraded in 1933 in the Red Square. T-60 model 1942 (unknown unit), in late 1942. Younger, M., H. R. Morrow-Almeida, S. M. Vindigni, and A. L. Dannenberg, 2008: The built environment, climate change, and health: Opportunities for co-benefits. Fictional livery of a ZSU-37 in winter paint, winter 1945. After the battle of Kursk in the summer, military initiative gradually shifted into the hands of the Stavka (Soviet High Command), although the Germans still enjoyed successes on various front and in several battles (such as at Kharkov). These changes would affect the Northwest’s natural resource economy, cultural heritage, built infrastructure, and recreation as well as the health and welfare of Northwest residents. U.S. Department of Labor, Office of Policy Development and Research, 75 pp. Peterson, D. L., C. I. Millar, L. A. Joyce, M. J. Furniss, J. E. Halofsky, R. P. Neilson, and T. L. Morelli, 2011: Responding to climate change on national forests: A guidebook for developing adaptation options. BA-6 of the 9th Armored Car Brigade, radio version, Nomonanh plateau, summer 1939. Climate change is already affecting the Northwest’s diverse natural resources (high confidence), which support sustainable livelihoods; provide a robust foundation for rural, tribal, and Indigenous communities; and strengthen local economies (high confidence). Defenders of Wildlife, Washington, DC, 44 pp. Organizations representing these frontline communities have found some success prioritizing leadership development through workshops and training that enable new and emerging voices to be heard in more formal policy settings. German SU-76M, 5th SS Panzerdivision “Wiking”, Poland, summer 1944. Currie, J., J. G. Zivin, J. Mullins, and M. Neidell, 2014: What do we know about short- and long-term effects of early-life exposure to pollution? Unknown T-70 in manoeuvers with improvized pine foliage camouflage City of Portland and Multnomah County, Portland, OR, 70 pp. A significant part of the book is dedicated to real battlefield experiences taken from Soviet combat reports. Disruptions in transportation networks affected access to food, healthcare, and social services (see Key Message 2) (see also Ch. Inspection of T-34s and crews, before departing for the front. However, this approach is still used sporadically based on the interests, needs, and resources of the communities. The Washington State Department of Transportation is implementing a Landslide Mitigation Action Plan to proactively address the climatic and other factors contributing to landslide-based rail closures.132. York, E., and J. Sifuentes, 2016: Oregon Climate and Health Resilience Plan. A Model 1942 with the first field upgrade, additional driver side sights. Camouflaged T-27, during exercises in 1938, with the “spotted pattern” also applied on scout amphibious tanks. Mark IV Churchills were sent in numbers and actually fought at The Battle of Kursk. Despite some successes, White Russians (supported by Western Powers) were ultimately crushed by the Bolsheviks. However, most infrastructure is designed for a historical climate, and damage and disruptions caused by extreme events demonstrate existing infrastructure vulnerabilities that are likely to increase in a changing climate (Ch. German 3,7 cm Pak 36/37 auf artillerie schlepper 603(r) light tank hunter conversion, 1942. Vose, J. M., C. F. Miniat, C. H. Luce, H. Asbjornsen, P. V. Caldwell, J. L. Campbell, G. E. Grant, D. J. Isaak, S. P. Loheide Ii, and G. Sun, 2016: Ecohydrological implications of drought for forests in the United States. 960 built – obsolete by 1941, used for training. AGR PUB 104-495. The Panzer V “Panther” was conceived as a direct response to it. The potential health co-benefits of future climate mitigation investments could help to counterbalance these risks. Office of Sustainability & Environment, 2017: Preparing for Climate Change. Along the coast, sea level rise is projected to increase flood risks in low-lying areas and will likely magnify the potential for coastal erosion (Ch. Document 2016-02. A BT-5 model 1933 from the Spanish Nationalist forces, 1938. 2750 built – obsolescent tankettes, still used as scouts, armed gun tractors and for training. T-60 model 1942 during the winter of 1942-43. Many farmers received a reduced allocation of water, and irrigation water rights holders had their water shut off early; senior water rights holders had their water shut off early for the first time ever.248 For example, Treasure Valley farmers in eastern Oregon received only a third of their normal irrigation water because the Owyhee Reservoir received inadequate river inflows to fill the reservoir for the third year in a row.249, Agricultural-related impacts of the drought were numerous, including damaged crops, reduced yields, altered livestock management, fewer planted crops, and land left idle (for example, 20% of farm acres in Treasure Valley, Oregon, were left idle).248 Estimated agricultural economic losses were between $633 million and $773 million in Washington, including losses of over $7.7 million in blueberries, nearly $14 million in red raspberries, $500 million in a selection of 15 crops that make up more than three-quarters of Washington’s cultivated acreage, and more than $33 million in the dairy industry (losses reported in 2015 dollars).250, Low-elevation ski areas struggled to stay open during the 2014–2015 season. Finnish BA-20, one of the nine captured and used in combat. Multiple studies suggest that Northwest natural resource sectors will likely be directly affected by climate change, including increased temperatures, changes in precipitation patterns, and reduced snowpack (see NOAA State Climate Summaries for Oregon, Washington, and Idaho).265,266,267 The direct and indirect consequences of these climate drivers are projected to impact regional natural resource sectors in varied ways. Dietrich, J. P., A. L. Van Gaest, S. A. Strickland, and M. R. Arkoosh, 2014: The impact of temperature stress and pesticide exposure on mortality and disease susceptibility of endangered Pacific salmon. Due to their enhanced sensitivity to changing conditions, direct reliance on natural resources, place-based limits, and lack of financial and political capital, it is very likely that they will face the biggest climate challenges in the region. Quick Links. Whitely Binder, L. C., and J. R. Jurjevich, 2016: The winds of change? Comment document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ac11109ac65717b839e63ff260dbc93a" );document.getElementById("feb1e455b6").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., 96 pp. By 1941, they had all been removed from frontline operations, serving as gun tractors and in training units. Gergel, D. R., B. Nijssen, J. T. Abatzoglou, D. P. Lettenmaier, and M. R. Stumbaugh, 2017: Effects of climate change on snowpack and fire potential in the western USA.

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