A peace agreement was reached in 1994, but it broke down shortly. On le surnomme Mahamat Kaka, parce qu’il a été élevé par sa grand-mère. À la tête du Tchad depuis 1990, le président Idriss Déby Itno est décédé mardi des suites de blessures infligées au combat contre des rebelles. Déby won elections in 1996 and 2001, and after term limits were eliminated he won again in 2006, 2011, 2016, and 2021. This military and Mr Déby’s willingness to use it in the ‘War on Terror’ won him much favour in the West over the last two decades. Invité Afrique. Son mandat est d’un an. [21], Idriss Déby assumed Chad's presidency in 1991. [8][9][10] He was killed in April 2021 while commanding forces fighting on the front against rebels from the Front for Change and Concord in Chad (FACT). [35], The rebellion in the east continued, and rebels reached N'Djamena on 2 February 2008, with fighting occurring inside the city. Déby placed on the first round but fell short of a majority; he was then elected president in the second round, held in July, with 69% of the vote. In 1985, Habré sent him to Paris to follow a course at the École de Guerre; on his return in 1986,[13] he was made chief military advisor to the presidency. Details surrounding the death of the 68-year-old remain largely unverified. Tchad: Idriss Déby Itno, candidat à un sixième mandat, est entré en campagne. Mr Deby had reportedly gone to the frontline to inspire his troops to fight when he was caught in a rebel manoeuvre, according to journalists at JeuneAfrique magazine. He remained loyal to the army and President Félix Malloum even after Chad's central authority crumbled in 1979. Idriss Deby Itno: " S’il y a un retard aujourd’hui, c’est de votre responsabilité exclusive" Pour regarder ce contenu, veuillez activer JavaScript ou essayer un autre navigateur. [52] The recent exploitation of oil has fueled corruption, as revenues have been misused by government to strengthen its armed forces and reward its cronies, which contributes to the undermining of the country’s governance system. [citation needed], However, with Chad receiving only 12.5% of profits from oil production, and the agreement for these revenues to be deposited into a London-based Citibank escrow account monitored by an independent body to ensure the funds were used for public services and development,[43][44] not much wealth was immediately transferred to the country. The project established unique mechanisms for World Bank, private sector, government, and civil society collaboration to guarantee that future oil revenues benefit populations and result in poverty alleviation. An 18-month transitional council will now be led by Deby’s 37-year-old son, Mahamat Idriss Deby Itno, the military said, while a nightly curfew of 6 p.m. will be in effect. Face à Idriss Déby Itno, 12 responsables politiques issus de l'opposition ont scellé le 2 février «une alliance électorale» pour présenter un candidat unique à l'élection présidentielle. Déby rejected those claims, arguing that the country does not receive nearly enough royalties to make meaningful change in the fight against poverty. [23], However, unrest continued. The British government urged all UK citizens to leave a few days ago. Chadian President Idriss Deby Itno, who ruled the central African nation for more than three decades, was killed on the battlefield Tuesday, April 20, 2021 in … [13] From there he was sent to France for training, returning to Chad in 1976 with a professional pilot certificate. Idriss Déby Itno, le président Tchadien depuis vingt-neuf ans. In January 2013, Chad also sent 2000 troops to fight Islamist groups in Mali, as part of France's Operation Serval. [30] Déby subsequently broke ties with Sudan, accusing it of backing the rebels,[31] and said that the May 2006 election would still take place. [75][76], Déby was married several times and had at least a dozen children. [13] He also attended the Lycée Jacques Moudeina in Bongor and had a bachelor's degree in science.[14]. Idriss Deby Itno's shock death cut his 30-year political career short and will likely throw Chadian politics into disarray By Will Brown, Africa Correspondent 20 April 2021 • 2:43pm [71] In February, security forces had attempted to arrest leader of the opposition Yaya Dillo Djérou, with Djérou claiming five members of his family were killed during this attempt, and the government instead reporting three were killed. Alors que la France perd son principal allié au sein du G5 Sahel, la mort brutale d’Idriss Déby Itno mardi 20 avril plonge le Tchad dans une période d’incertitude. [13] Itno and Djamous were arrested and killed. He was also head of the ruling Patriotic Salvation Movement.Déby was of the Bidayat clan of the Zaghawa ethnic group. He had been re-elected every five years up until the time of his death. [70], In the 2021 presidential election, Déby won his sixth term as president, when results were announced on 19 April, with 79.32% of the votes. Déby was of the Bidayat clan of the Zaghawa ethnic group. Après plus de trente ans à la tête du Tchad, il venait de s’octroyer sans difficulté un sixième mandat. We cannot make progress and talk of development if part or our body is sick. Idriss Deby Itno's shock death cut his 30-year political career short and will likely throw Chadian politics into disarray. In 2006, Déby made international news after calling for his country to have a 60 percent stake in the Chad-Cameroon oil output after receiving "crumbs" from foreign companies running the industry. Blogger Makaila Nguebla attributes the defection of many Chadian government leaders to their indignation over Brahim's conduct: "He is at the root of all the frustration. He took power by leading a rebellion against President Hissène Habré in December 1990 and survived various rebellions and coup attempts against his own rule. [60], Faced with a growing threat from Boko Haram, Déby increased Chad's participation in the Multinational Joint Task Force (MNJTF), a combined multinational formation comprising units from Niger, Nigeria, Benin and Cameroon. Mr Déby, a strongman who ruled the troubled central African nation with his fearsome military and wily political manoeuvring for three decades, had just secured another six years in office in a controversial election when he was killed. Death of President Idriss Deby Itno, who ruled the African nation for more than 3 decades, came just hours after he was granted a new 6-year term. Chad passed a World Bank-backed oil revenues law that required most of its oil revenue to be allocated to health, education and infrastructure projects. « Le président Idriss Deby Itno est le seul aujourd’hui à même de fédérer les Tchadiens » : Clément Djimet Bagaou. Le 2 décembre 1990, avec l'appui de la France, il chasse du pouvoir Hissène Habré et le remplace le 4 décembre avec le titre de président du Conseil d'État. Idriss Deby, grand favori du scrutin . After attending the Qur'anic School in Tiné, Déby studied at the École Française in Fada and at the Franco-Arab school (Lycée Franco-Arabe) in Abéché. [64], In Fébruary 2016, Déby was nominated by the Patriotic Salvation Movement to run for a new term in the April 2016 Presidential elections. During the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris, Idriss Déby raised the issue of Lake Chad, whose area was a small fraction of what it had been in 1973, and called on the international community to provide financing to protect the ecosystem. According to official results Déby won the election with 64.67% of the vote. "[80] In July 2011 four men were convicted of "robbery leading to death without intention to kill" and sentenced to prison sentences of between five and thirteen years. The Chadian army announced that the parliament had been disbanded. [19], After three months of the provisional government, on 28 February 1991, a charter was approved for Chad with Déby as president. A year ago, the president led 'Operation Boma's Wrath' on Lake Chad against Boko Haram fighters. [88], CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (. Brahim had been sacked as presidential advisor the year before, after being convicted of possessing drugs and weapons. After finishing school, he entered the Officers' School in N'Djamena. This marriage attracted much attention in Chad, and due to tribal affiliations it was seen by many as a strategic means for Déby to bolster his support while under pressure from rebels. Idriss Déby Itno (Arabic: إدريس ديبي‎ Idrīs Daybī Itnū; 18 June 1952 – 20 April 2021) was a Chadian politician and military officer who was President of Chad from 1990 until his death by militant forces when commanding troops on the front in 2021. Une cérémonie surannée et en grande pompe mais une consécration absolue pour ce fils d’éleveur modeste qui se présente encore à l’envi, à 68 ans, comme un « guerrier ». [16] Since all three were ethnic Zaghawa, Habré started a targeted campaign against the group which saw hundreds seized, tortured, and imprisoned. Aujourd’hui, Idriss Déby Itno est piégé dans cette situation. During the following two years, Déby faced a series of coup attempts as government forces clashed with pro-Habré rebel groups, such as the Movement for Democracy and Development (MDD). “Idriss Déby Itno breathed his last defending the sovereign nation on the battlefield”, an army general told state TV. Il a troqué son boubou pour une cape de soie bleu. Son nom ? [69], In February 2021, Déby annouced Chad would send 1,200 soldiers alongside French troops to the Sahel border between Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso, to combat al-Qaeda linked groups. [13] Déby tied his fortunes to those of Hissène Habré, one of the chief Chadian warlords. https://www.cotedivoire.news/biographie/17584-idriss-deby.html In February 2019, French Mirage 2000 fighter jets strafed a convoy of rebels advancing on the capital at N'Djamena's request for three days. [45] He said Chevron and Petronas were refusing to pay taxes totalling $486.2 million. Lire aussi Au Tchad, le président Idriss Déby Itno remanie son gouvernement. [13] Increasingly paranoid, Habré accused Déby, minister of the interior Mahamat Itno, and commander in chief of the Chadian army Hassan Djamous of preparing a coup d'état. A military council headed by one of his sons Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno, a 37-year-old four-star general and commander of the presidential guard, will take charge for the next 18 months. Et ce sacre organisé le 11 août, soit le jour même de la célébration des soixante ans de l’indépendance de son pays, suscite de vives polémiques. [39] Déby was a candidate in the 2006 presidential election, held 3 May, which was greeted with an opposition boycott. A murder inquiry was launched by the French police. [13] His father was a poor herder, who belongs to the Bidayat clan of the Zaghawa community. Grand favori du scrutin, le chef de l'Etat, âgé de 68 ans, est candidat à un sixième mandat à la tête du pays. [41] The pipeline was completed in 2003 and praised by the World Bank as "an unprecedented framework to transform oil wealth into direct benefits for the poor, the vulnerable and the environment". Here's What's Behind the Blackout", "ExxonMobil and Chad's Authoritarian Regime: An 'Unholy Bargain, "Chadian President Idriss Déby has died of injuries suffered on the frontline (army)", "LC Linked Data Service: Authorities and Vocabularies (Library of Congress)", "Biography of President IDRISS DEBY ITNO", "Chad: The Victims of Hissène Habré Still Awaiting Justice: Historical Background", "Hissene Habre: Chad's ex-ruler convicted of crimes against humanity", "Terrorist Organization Profile – START – National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism", "Chad: New Fronts Open in Eastern Fighting", "Chad’s leader says government ‘in total control’", "Strong yes vote in referendum allows President Deby to seek a new term", "Déby win confirmed, but revised down to 64.67 pct", "UPDATE 3-Chad leader wants majority stake in oil output", "World Bank cancels pipeline deal with Chad after revenues misspent", "Chad's Idriss Deby, a longstanding French ally in the troubled Sahel", "Mali crisis: Chad's Idriss Deby announces troop pullout – BBC News", "Why are French soldiers in the Sahel? According to Human Rights Watch,[15] Habré was found responsible for "widespread political killings, systematic torture, and thousands of arbitrary arrests", as well as ethnic purges when it was perceived that group leaders could pose a threat to his rule, including many of Déby's Zaghawa ethnic group who supported the government. », peut-on lire sur le compte twitter officiel du candidat du Consensus, Idriss Deby Itno. Idriss Déby Itno had just been declared the winner of the election on 11 April, when he ran for a sixth term. Né en 1983, le général Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno est l’un des fils du défunt président Idris Deby. [27], Idriss Déby was re-elected in the May 2001 presidential election, winning in the first round with 63.17% of the vote, according to official results. [17] Déby gave the Libyans detailed information about CIA operations in Chad. We urge you to turn off your ad blocker for The Telegraph website so that you can continue to access our quality content in the future. It is unclear whether Mr Déby was killed by rebels as the army claimed. The strongman was a cornerstone of France’s post-colonial influence in Francophone Africa, and his military has played a crucial role in the West’s fight against jihadism in the region. [48], Because of Chad's strategic position in West Africa, Déby sent troops or played a key mediating role in tackling the multiple regional crises, such as Darfur, the Central African Republic (CAR), Mali, as well as the fight against Boko Haram. Au lendemain de l'annonce de sa réélection à la présidence pour un sixième mandat, le chef de l'État tchadien, Idriss Déby Itno, est décédé, ce mardi 20 avril. They based themselves in the Tibesti mountains in lawless southern Libya. Over the weekend, the president visited troops battling rebels based across the border in Libya. [46][47], On 25 April 2011, Déby was re-elected for a fourth term with 88.7% of the vote and reappointed Emmanuel Nadingar as Prime Minister. Until he met the rebel group known as FACT. The rebels belong to a group called the Front for Change and Concord in Chad (FACT). Idriss Deby Itno used polygamous marriages to fill ministries with relatives, Idriss Deby Itno, second left, meets with French Defense Minister Herve Morin in 2008, President Emmanuel Macron welcomes Chad's President Idriss Deby in 2019, Chad army spokesman General Azem Bermandoa Agouna, Watch: 'George Floyd got his justice'- Minneapolis celebrates as Derek Chauvin found guilty of murder, Anzac Day 2021: how the Gallipoli battle helped Australia and New Zealand forge national identities, St George's Day 2021: how the dragon-slayer became the patron saint of England, Vladimir Putin to make 'major' policy announcement ahead of Navalny rallies. Speaking at a press conference on 6 February, Déby said that his forces had defeated the rebels, whom he described as "mercenaries directed by Sudan", and that his forces were in "total control" of the city as well as the whole country. [16] In 2016, Habré was convicted of war crimes by a specially created international tribunal in Senegal. When Libya’s Muammar Gaddafi sent tanks into northern Chad in the late 1980s to create a “Greater Islamic State of the Sahel”, Mr Déby led Toyota pickup trucks packed with fighters across the Sahara to drive out of the country. Les groupes d’intérêt, en l’occurrence la famille, l’armée et le parti au pouvoir, ont de plus en plus d’influence. He distinguished himself in 1984 by destroying pro-Libyan forces in eastern Chad. Le président tchadien sortant Idriss Déby Itno, lui, a été investi le 6 février candidat de son parti, le Mouvement patriotique du salut (MPS). [37], Against this backdrop, in June 2005, a successful referendum was held to eliminate a two-term constitutional limit, which enabled Déby to run again in 2006. To the south is the Central African Republic and to the West is Lake Chad, where Boko Haram and Islamic State jihadists wage a horrific war on civilians. 1977), who was reputed for her beauty, in September 2005. An attempted coup d'état, involving the shooting down of Déby's plane, was foiled in March 2006. The announcement was made on Tuesday 20 April on Chadian … [40], In 2000, with the north/south dispute quelled, Déby's government started building the country's first oil pipeline, the 1,070 kilometer Chad-Cameroon project. [73] He was said to have been mortally wounded on Sunday, 18 April, and was flown to the capital,[74] where he died on 20 April. He added "Itno" to his surname in January 2006. "Anyone who follows Deby knows he used to say "to lead troops you have to smell the gunpowder," said Cameron Hudson, a senior fellow at the Atlantic Council's Africa Center. Kaka veut dire grand-mère dans l’arabe local tchadien. A convoy of rebels tried to advance towards the southern capital, N’Djamena over the weekend but was reportedly beaten back by the Chadian military. À 67 ans, Idriss Déby Itno (IDI) a vécu plus de vies qu’une main compte de doigts. Dozens died in detention or were summarily executed. "Chad: Council releases final polls results; Deby "elected" with 63.17 per cent", Learn how and when to remove this template message, Déby's troops marched unopposed into N'Djaména, Comité de Sursaut National pour la Paix et la Démocratie, civil war between Christians and Muslims erupted in 2005, Chad-Cameroon Petroleum Development Project, "Guinea President Alpha Conde elected AU chair succeeding Deby", "Chad president weds Janjaweed chief daughter", "Chad: President Idriss Déby is killed in battle, after ruling for 30 years", "BREAKING: Chad president assassinated by militants from North", "Chad's authoritarian Deby unwilling to quit", "This African Country Has Had a Yearlong Ban on Social Media.

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